Lub silicone kev lag luam tau ploj mus ntev, txawm tias tag nrho txoj kev mus rau Mars, raws li Oliver Franssen, tus thawj tswj thoob ntiaj teb, elastomers / tsheb thauj mus rau Momentive Performance Materials Inc.
Txawm hais tias keeb kwm ntawm silicone yog tseem tsis ntev los no, nws tau ua qee yam kev zoo siab, nws tau hais nyob hauv nws qhov kev nthuav qhia "Cov Ntaub Ntawv Hauv Ntiaj Teb Silicones" nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib tham International Silicone tsis ntev los no nyob hauv Cuyahoga Falls.
Tom qab GE Chemist Eugene Rochow pom cov txheej txheem kev tshwm sim rau kev ua methylchlorosilanes thaum ntxov xyoo 1940, nws coj mus rau kev tsim kev siv cov silicones hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub, nws hais. Silicone innovation tau txuas ntxiv tshaj li ntawm 75 xyoo ncua sij hawm, tab sis lub sij hawm tsis yog kev ntsuas Franssen xav siv.
"Kuv xav caw koj saib lub sijhawm no ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua lub sijhawm," nws hais. "Peb yuav tham txog kev siv silicone nyob rau hauv lub deb mus rau tib neeg lub cev."
Pib ntawm ib ntu ntawm -1 nti, Franssen pib nrog silicones nrog lub siab tshaj plaws purity thiab intrinsic tshuaj ruaj ntseg piv rau cov organic elastomers, nrog ib tug me nyuam lub txiv mis pacifier.
Raws li ib tug loj nyob hauv kev lag luam silicone, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog silica, Shenyang Sunnyjoint Tshuaj Co., Ltd. yuav ua rau lub ntsej muag ntawm Silicone lub strides.
"Qhov ntawd yog qhov muag tiag tiag ntawm cov xim silicone elastomers," nws hais. "Lub cev ntawm lub polymer thiab qhov tseeb tias nws yog inorganic, nws muaj qhov tsis haum rau UV thiab yog vim li no ntau dua los yog tsawg dua UV pob tshab tsis zoo li qub roj hmab yuav rau me nyuam mos noj qab haus huv, yog li nws tsis tas yuav tau kev tiv thaiv. "
Silicone tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj yam tsis muaj qhov muaj nitrous amines, uas feem ntau yuav tsis zoo rau tus menyuam, Franssen hais.
"Qhov ntawd yog lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev vam meej ntawm silicone elastomers hauv kev kho mob kev lag luam," nws hais. "Nws tsis muaj tsw thiab ua tau raws li USP cov qauv, FDA thiab ISO cov qauv."
Tsiv mus rau ib ncua deb ntawm 0 ntiv, silicone muab qhov siab tshaj plaws permeability, ua cov roj permeable hu ib tug tau, nws said.
"Yog hais tias kuv tham rau ib tug neeg ua log tsheb txog permeability, nws yog qhov tsis zoo," nws hais. "Los ntawm cov qauv, silicone elastomers yog heev, zoo heev permeable mus rau media.Thaum yuav ua kua, uas yuav ua tau gaseous."
Silicone elastomers muaj txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm txoj kev sib txhaub ntawm polymer thiab kev txhim kho siab thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib ntswg. Rau ib daim ntawv thov xws li cov pa roj paug mus rau lo ntsiab muag, daim ntawv thov hu rau ib yam khoom uas muaj cov kab mob oxygen permeability, thiab "yog vim li cas qhov kev sib tw ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab sib txawv rau qhov muag lo ntsiab muag," Franssen hais.
Clarity thiab viscosity
Nrog lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov elastomers, silicone elastomers ua zoo nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm txog ib nti los ntawm tib neeg lub cev rau cov khoom, xws li underwater goggles, nws said.
"Muaj tsis muaj dab tsi uas yuav ntes tau cov silicone elastomers," nws hais. "Tshwj xeeb txij li thaum 2008, thaum ib lub cim tshiab tau coj mus rau kev ua lag luam nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm LSR nrog optical zoo."
Polydimethylsiloxane polymers yog cov pob tshab pom kev pom, ua kom lawv muaj zog txaus rau cov ntawv thov ultraclear elastomers thiab qhib lub sijhawm tshiab rau cov khoom siv khoom siv thiab cov teeb teeb meem, LED said.
"Instead of tensile zoo thiab rhuav tsis kam thiab compression teeb, peb tam sim no nrog ib lub ntsiab muag daj, nrog Abbe tus naj npawb nrog chromatic aberration," nws hais.
Silicone elastomers boast qhov teeb meem qis tshaj yam tsis muaj yas rau khoom, yog li ntawd lawv ua haujlwm zoo txog li 1.5 npav nyob rau sab hauv npav rau cov khoom xws li lub pob tshab sensor ntim rau lub tsheb thauj neeg tsav tsheb, Franssen hais.
"Rau cov EPDMs tsis pub lub plab, nws tsis tuaj yeem mus 40 Ib Ntu A, tab sis, yog tias koj ua haujlwm nrog cov roj hmab roj hmab koj tuaj yeem tsis muaj kev txwv rau qis kawg," nws hais.
Qhov ntau ntawm LSR qhov kev ua haujlwm yog pib ntawm 5-90 Shore A, nrog rau cov khoom ntawm 3-5 Shore A "qhov sib npaug ntawm paj npleg," nws hais.
Fabkis tau txais ib qho piv txwv los ntawm ib tug kwvtij nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim, Gabriel Geyne, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm Sigmasoft Virtual Molding, los qhia tawm qis viscosity rau silicone, ntawm li 2.5 taw. Ib sab yog tus tsim qauv webbed lub raj mis, nrog cov khoom siv uas tseem xav tau kom tuav lub zog txaus kom tuav lub raj mis tsis tau xa thiab rhuav nws.
Silicone muaj viscosity tsawg tsawg uas muaj kev txwv kub thiab muaj kev pom zoo, nws hais.
"Viscosity ntawm LSR yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj ob yam khoom muaj nqis tshaj cov organic elastomers," Franssen hais. "Qhov no yog qhov uas koj yuav ua kom qhov kev sib txeeb thinning, yog li nws tau txais ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab, thiab muaj qhov siab ntev heev."
Muaj zog ua hauj lwm
Thaum ze ntawm 3 feet, chav ua mov yuav ua tau ib daim ntawv thov rau silicone elastomers, ua tsaug rau nws cov high hydrophobicity, Franssen hais.
"Qhov no yog ib qho cuab yeej tshwj xeeb heev ntawm silicone elastomers, uas yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom noj los ntawm cov organic elastomers," nws hais. "Ntawm no koj pom ib qho zoo hloov ntawm cov hlau ua ib tus neeg sib tw ntawm silicone elastomer." Silicone muaj ib cov zaub mov zoo, muaj kev ywj pheej. "
Ib qho ua tau yooj yim tuaj yeem ua rau kev kho mob zoo li lub ncuav mog qab zib yam tsis muaj zog, ua tus txheej txheem uas ncaj ncaj, nws hais.
"Tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv roj av, uas koj xav tau kev sib txuas lus rau lub ntsiab muag, yog li ntawm no koj tau txais txiaj ntsim los ntawm ob yam," nws hais.
Rau silicone elastomer lub tsawg compression teem, Franssen mus txog ib tug deb ntawm txog 6 feet rau connector ntsaws ruaj ruaj nyob rau hauv automotive daim ntawv sau npe.
"Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, yog tias koj saib lub tsheb puas nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob, 30 feem pua ntawm cov neeg muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam txog cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub kauj neeg," nws hais. "Koj nyob lig dua li ntawm cov kev taug plaub 2.5 mais, cov 220 connectors, ntxiv rau kev tswj cov cuab yeej kawg."
Vim hais tias ntawm kev qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua, kev kho kom yooj yim rau LSRs zoo dua li nws muaj yav dhau los, khiav cov kev xeem rau kev ua tsis tiav rau kev xeem, nws hais.
Tsiv tawm mus txog 60 feet, silicone elastomers tsa raws li qee qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj siv rau huab cua ua haujlwm thov, Franssen hais.
Nws pom cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev kuaj pom hauv qab huab cua kub ceev tshaj li 28 xyoos hauv Florida huab cua, nruab nrab ntawm silicones, polyurethanes thiab acrylic terpolymer.
"Tsuas yog cov khoom nyob rau hauv no lub rooj uas yog qhia zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib zog thiab kev ruaj ntseg, elastomeric rov qab los thiab tawm los ntawm qhov kev xeem 28 xyoo yog silicone elastomer," nws hais.
Qhov ncua sij hawm pib ntawm 140 feet, rau qhov siab tshaj plaws daim ntawv thov tshav kub nrog cov tsho tiv thaiv tshav kub rau ob lub taub hau ntawm Ariane 5 boosters, nyob rau hauv European Space Agency. Lub tes tsho tau nrog cov roj siv ntau lawm uas siv cov tshuaj LSR txhaj tshuaj.
"Cov neeg nug kuv tias, 'Qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicone yog dab tsi?' thiab rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kuv qhov kev paub, kub siab tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv thov silicone pom tam sim no yog lub tshav kub daim thaiv ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws xob ntawm Ariana, "nws hais. "Nws pom ntau tshaj 3,000 ° C, rau tsawg tshaj ob feeb, tab sis yog.
"Peb yeej tsis tau txais cov lus tsis txaus siab los yog tau xa rov qab xa rov qab," nws ntxiv.
Silicone qhov kub siab tshaj qhia tau pom txog ntawm 240,000 mais deb, raws li ib feem ntawm kev tsim ntawm lub khau looj plab hlaub siv astronauts. Kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias lub silicone saw yog "flexible at -196 ° C, uas yog qhov kub ntawm cov kua nitrogen, thiab qhov no yog kom paub tseeb lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv ntawm silicones," Franssen hais.
Tab sis lub hli tsis txawm tus deb tshaj plaws silicone elastomers tau mus ncig los ntawm tib neeg lub cev, Franssen said. Lub sijhawm ntawd nyob rau thaj tsam li ntawm 140 plhom mais: Mars.
"Kuv tsis tau txais kev tso cai los tham txog qhov kev siv lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Momentive rau qhov no vim tias nws tsis pub leej twg paub, tab sis peb muaj peev xwm hais tau hais tias yog zaum kawg tus neeg taug kev elastomer, zoo li," nws hais.