| Tshuaj Npe: | ANILINE; Benzenamine; Phenylamine; 62-53-3; Aminobenzene; Aminophen |
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| Molecular Formula: | C 6 H 7 N lossis C 6 H 5 NH 2 |
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| Molecular phaus: | 93.129 g / mol |
| Qhov tseem ceeb hauv InChI: | PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj: | FDA UNII |
| Kev Qhia Txog Kev Nyab Xeeb: | Laboratory Safety Overview (LCSS) |
Aniline yog cov organic organic compound, uas yog thawj cov ntxhuav amine. Nws muaj ib lub nplhaib benzene txuas nrog ib pab pawg neeg amino. Aniline yog oily thiab, txawm hais tias colourless, nws yuav maj mam oxidized thiab resinified hauv huab cua rau daim impurities uas tau muab nws ib cov xim liab-xim daj. Nws tus taw tes yog 184 degree centigrade thiab nws cov ntsiab lus melting yog - 6 degree centegrade . Nws yog ib cov kua hauv chav kub. Zoo li feem ntau cov cim amines, nws muaj ib qho tsw ntxhiab tsw phem ntawm cov ntses lim piam, thiab kuj muaj kev kub nyhiab; nws yog ib qho tshuaj lom paj heev. Nws pom zoo, hlawv nrog nplaim taws loj. Aniline reacts nrog cov acids uas tsim muaj cov kua ntsev uas muaj cov anilinium (los yog phenylammonium ) ion (C6H5-NH3 + ), thiab reacts nrog acyl halides (xws li acetyl chloride ( ethanoyl chloride ), CH3COCl) los tsim cov amides. Cov amides uas tsim los ntawm aniline qee zaus hu ua anilides, piv txwv li CH3-CO-NH-C6H5 yog acetanilide , uas lub npe niaj hnub no yog N-phenyl ethanamide. Xws li cov phenols, aniline derivatives yog cov tshuaj reactive feem ntau hauv cov electrophilic hloov kev tshua. Piv txwv li, sulfonation ntawm aniline tsim sulfanilic acid , uas yuav tau hloov mus rau sulfanilamide . Sulfanilamide yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj sulfa uas tau siv los ua kev tua kab mob thaum xyoo 20th. Aniline twb xub tshwm sim los ntawm kev txav ntawm indigo hauv 1826 los ntawm Otto Unverdorben. Xyoo 1834, Friedrich Runge cais los ntawm cov zis av uas ua rau muaj xim zoo nkauj xiav ntawm kev kho mob nrog chloride txiv qaub ; qhov no nws hu ua kyanol los yog cyanol. Xyoo 1841, CJ Fritzsche tsom uas los ntawm kev kho indigo nrog caustic potash nws yielded tus roj, uas nws npe hu ua aniline, los ntawm lub npe ntawm ib qho ntawm indigo-yielding nroj tsuag, Indigofera anil, anil tau muab los ntawm Sanskrit, maub-xiav.
Kev kis mob aniline tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua pa paug rau huab cua tsis zoo, haus luam yeeb, los yog ua haujlwm lossis nyob ze rau kev lag luam uas tsim los sis siv. Cov kab mob kis tsis ntev hauv lub cev (ntev) thiab ntev (ntev) ntawm aniline rau tib neeg tsuas yog muaj teebmeem rau ntawm lub ntsws, xws li mob ntsws ntawm lub ntsws thiab ua kom tsis muaj teeb meem. Kev kis tau ntev kuj yuav ua rau muaj mob rau cov ntshav. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog neeg mob khees xaws tsis txaus los txiav txim siab tias aniline yog qhov ua rau cov hlav zais zis thaum kuaj cov tsiaj txhu qhia tias aniline ua rau qog ntawm tus po. EPA tau cais ua ib pawg ib pawg B2, muaj tus kab mob human carcinogen.
ANILINE yog xim daj daj kom brownish oily kua nrog ib qho musty fishy tsw. Melting point -6 ° C; kub taw tes 184 ° C; flash point 158 ° F. Denser dua dej (8.5 lb / gal ) thiab me ntsis soluble hauv dej . Vapors hnyav dua pa. Zoo los ntawm daim tawv nqaij nqus thiab nqus pa. Tsim tawm cov oxides oxid ntawm nitrogen thaum tuag. Siv los ua lwm yam chemicals, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dyes, yees duab chemicals, agricultural chemicals thiab lwm tus.